15. Basic Input/output functions in C programming

Basic Input/output functions in C :

(1) scanf( ): It is used to take input from user. scanf( ) is used to read input values of variables by using input devices. The syntax of scanf( ) is given below:

                   scanf (“control string control string......”, & variable name 1, & variable name 2, ...... & variable name n) ;

(2) printf( ): It is used to display the output. printf( ) is used to print values of variable by using the output devices. The syntax of printf( ) is given below:

                   printf (“control string control string....”, & variable name 1, & variable name 2, .... & variable name n);

(3) getchar( ): It is a character input/output function which reads a character from keyboard at a time. The syntax is as follows:

               char variable=getchar( );

(4) getch( ): It is a character input/output function which reads a character from the keyboard and it does not expect the enter key press. The syntax is as follows:

               char variable=getch( );

(5) getche( ): It is a character input/output function which reads a character from keyboard and echos it. The syntax is as follows:

               char variable=getche( );

(6) gets( ): It is a character input/output function which reads a line or a string of characters including white spaces from the keyboard. The syntax is as follows:

               char variable=gets( );

(7) putchar( ): It is a character input/output function which writes a character to monitor screen at a time. The syntax is as follows:

              putchar (charvariable);

(8) putch( ): It is a character input/output function which writes a

character to the monitor screen at a time. The syntax is as follows:

              putch (charvariable);

(9) puts( ): It is a input/output function which writes or displays a line or

a string of characters including white spaces on t6he monitor screen.

The syntax is as follows:

              puts (character string variable);

(10) clrscr( ): It is a character input/output function which is used to clear

the monitor screen. The syntax is as follows:

              clrscr( );